Drug Dosage Forms.
Drug dosage forms, also known as unit doses, are pharmaceutical drug products that come in specific forms for use. These forms include a precise blend of active ingredients and inactive components (excipients), configured in a particular way (such as a capsule shell), and portioned into a specific dose. Let’s explore the different types of dosage forms:
1.Solid Dosage Forms:
- Tablets: Compressed solid forms that contain active ingredients and excipients. They come in various shapes, sizes, and colors.
- Capsules: Gelatin or vegetarian shells containing powdered or granulated drug substances.
- Chewable Tablets: Designed to be chewed before swallowing.
- Dispersible Tablets: Dissolve in water or other liquids.
- Extended-Release Tablets: Release the drug gradually over time.
- Buccal Tablets: Placed between the cheek and gum for absorption.
- Effervescent Tablets: Dissolve in water to form a fizzy solution.
- Sublingual Tablets: Dissolve under the tongue for rapid absorption.
2.Liquid Dosage Forms:
- Solutions: Homogeneous mixtures of drug substances in a liquid base.
- Suspensions: Contain solid particles dispersed in a liquid medium.
- Syrups: Concentrated solutions with added sweeteners.
- Emulsions: Mixtures of immiscible liquids (e.g., oil and water).
3.Semi-Solid Dosage Forms:
- Ointments: Topical preparations with a greasy base.
- Creams: Semi-solid emulsions for skin application.
- Gels: Contain a gelling agent for localized drug delivery.
4.Gaseous Dosage Forms:
- Inhalers: Deliver drugs directly to the respiratory system.
- Nebulizers: Convert liquid medications into a fine mist for inhalation.
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